Introduction to Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin

Hello, my name is Dr. Thomas Knackstedt, and I’m a board-certified dermatologist and Mohs surgeon at Peak Skin Center. In this video, we’re going to talk about squamous cell carcinoma. I’ll review its cause and origin, discuss how significant of a public health problem it is, explain how it can present on the skin, outline risk factors, and describe how these cancers tend to behave.
Each year, we see approximately two to two and a half million new squamous cell cancers diagnosed in the United States. Unlike some other cancers, such as melanoma or lung cancer, squamous cell cancer—much like basal cell cancer—is so common that it is not tracked in major cancer registries. Our best estimates suggest that between squamous cell and basal cell cancers, about five million cases are diagnosed every year.

Squamous cell carcinoma originates from keratinocytes in the skin. Keratinocytes are the primary cells that make up what I often describe as the “brick and mortar” of the skin’s outer layer.

Squamous cell carcinoma most commonly occurs in older individuals. It is more frequently seen in patients with fair skin, light hair, and light eyes. Similar to basal cell carcinoma, it often develops in people with a history of chronic sun exposure—whether from occupational activities like farming or construction, or recreational activities such as tennis and golf.

Having a personal history of skin cancer or a family history of skin cancer can further increase the risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma.

Squamous cell carcinoma most commonly affects the head and neck, but it can occur on any sun-exposed area of the body. We frequently see these cancers on the forearms, the backs of the hands, and the lower legs.

Early on, squamous cell cancer can be subtle. It may appear as a red, slightly scaly patch with a gritty or sandpaper-like texture. Over time, the area may become thicker or more raised, and squamous cell carcinomas can become painful or begin to bleed as they progress. If squamous cell cancers are neglected and untreated over time, they will continue to grow and, rarely, may have the potential to spread to other parts of the body.

If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma, the second most common type of skin cancer, schedule a consultation with a board-certified dermatologist at Peak Skin Center. With renowned dermatologists across Cary, Apex, Holly Springs, and Fuquay-Varina, we offer effective, individualized care for squamous cell carcinoma. Our multiple locations provide you with easy access to advanced treatments and exceptional patient care. Visit us today to learn about your options for managing squamous cell carcinoma.